Working paperKentuckyNew

At Kentucky's Boatwright WMA, Boat-blind Hunters Averaged Almost Twice the Ducks of Pit Hunters

KDFWR daily tables covering nine seasons from 2016-17 to 2025-26 show Boatwright boat blinds averaging 1.08 ducks per hunter, walk-ins 0.78 and pits 0.55. Boat blinds outshot pit blinds in every one of the nine seasons.

1.08ducks per hunter from Boatwright boat blinds

At Kentucky's Boatwright Wildlife Management Area, boat blinds averaged almost twice as many ducks per hunter as pit blinds. In nine seasons of Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources records, boat blinds averaged 1.08 ducks per hunter with walk-in blinds at 0.78 and pit blinds at 0.55. Boat blinds outshot pit blinds in every one of the nine seasons.

IBlind Type Results

Boat Blinds Beat Pits in Every Recorded Season

Pit blinds had the most hunters of the three types at 8,490 and averaged the fewest ducks per hunter. The daily figures come from KDFWR's season reports on Ballard and Boatwright hunting activity, including the 2022-23 hunting activity report. We have those tables in our files for 2016-17 to 2025-26 except 2023-24.

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Blind typeSeasonsHunt daysHuntersDucksDucks per hunterGeese per hunter
Boat93485,3015,7191.080.01
Walk-In93484,9473,8420.780.01
Boat/Walk-In1451,1927760.650
Pit93488,4904,6620.550.02
This table gives Boatwright WMA ducks per hunter by blind type from the daily tables in the KDFWR Ballard and Boatwright hunting activity reports, 9 seasons from 2016-17 to 2025-26 (2023-24 not available). Boat/Walk-In appears only in 2025-26. Hunters and ducks are MEASURED, and the rates are ours (DERIVED).

Boat blinds led the three types in 8 of the 9 seasons. The exception came in 2024-25, when walk-in blinds averaged 1.01 against 0.66 for boat blinds. Pits beat walk-ins in 2018-19, 2019-20 and 2020-21 and tied them at 0.36 in 2025-26.

Figure 1 · Boatwright WMA ducks per hunter by blind type and seasonBoat blinds beat pit blinds in 9 of 9 seasons
  • Boat
  • Walk-In
  • Pit
0.511.522.52016201920212025
Ducks are divided by hunters for each season in the Boatwright blind-type daily rows of the KDFWR Ballard and Boatwright hunting activity reports (DERIVED). The year marks the start of the season. 2023-24 is not in our files, so the line joins 2022-23 to 2024-25.

Swipe table to see every column

SeasonBoat huntersBoat ducks per hunterWalk-In huntersWalk-In ducks per hunterPit huntersPit ducks per hunter
2016-176120.837020.81,1220.54
2017-182680.93430.877740.56
2018-198911.493800.616220.7
2019-201,1041.444210.578270.67
2020-214470.666130.561,0350.6
2021-224971.375070.889210.59
2022-234260.866530.747530.46
2024-257420.661,1671.011,4400.53
2025-263140.681610.369960.36
This table gives Boatwright WMA hunters and ducks per hunter by blind type and season. The counts come from KDFWR daily tables (MEASURED), and the rates are ours (DERIVED).

Two checks support boat blinds finishing ahead of pits. In 2018-19 boat blinds reached their high at 1.49, and that season's blind-type rows list more hunters than the daily totals. With that season left out boat blinds averaged 1.00 and pits 0.54, leaving boats at 1.85 times the pit rate. Boat blinds also outshot walk-ins in 4 of the five latest seasons in our files. Boats led walk-ins just 0.85 to 0.81 over those five seasons, with most of the narrowing from 2024-25 when walk-ins averaged 1.01 against boats' 0.66. With that season left out boats averaged 0.92 and walk-ins 0.69, while pits averaged 0.51 over all five. These rates exclude a combined boat and walk-in group KDFWR listed for 2025-26 separately from that season's own boat and walk-in rows. The group had 1,192 hunters and averaged 0.65 ducks per hunter.

Swipe table to see every column

Blind typeDucks per hunter, 9 seasonsHunters without 2018-19Ducks per hunter without 2018-19Hunters, last 5 seasonsDucks per hunter, last 5 seasons
Boat1.084,41012,4260.85
Walk-In0.784,5670.793,1010.81
Pit0.557,8680.545,1450.51
This table checks the Boatwright blind-type order two ways, once without 2018-19, the season whose blind-type rows hold more hunters than the daily totals, and once for the five most recent seasons in our files, 2020-21 to 2025-26 without 2023-24. Both leave out the 2025-26 Boat/Walk-In group (1,192 hunters, 0.65 ducks per hunter), which KDFWR printed apart from the boat and walk-in rows that season. The counts come from KDFWR daily tables (MEASURED), and the rates are ours (DERIVED).

IIJanuary Shooting

January Beat December at Boatwright in 6 of 7 Seasons

At Boatwright, January hunt days averaged 0.94 ducks per hunter compared with 0.60 in December. January led in 6 of the 7 seasons that have daily totals. Ballard followed the same pattern with a narrower gap. Its average was 1.20 in January and 1.03 in December, with January ahead in 5 of 7 seasons.

With the seasons pooled every Boatwright blind type did better in January. Boat blinds rose from 0.84 in December to 1.26 in January and pits from 0.47 to 0.61. Pits shot better in January in 8 of 9 seasons. Boat blinds did better in only 4 of 9, so the pooled boat-blind gain comes from fewer than half the seasons.

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Area or blind typeSeasonsDecember huntersDecember ducks per hunterJanuary huntersJanuary ducks per hunterSeasons January beat December
Ballard WMA, all blinds73,8011.034,2431.25 of 7
Boatwright WMA, all blinds76,8900.67,8870.946 of 7
Boatwright boat blinds92,0470.843,0901.264 of 9
Boatwright walk-in blinds92,6080.682,1500.896 of 9
Boatwright pit blinds94,2890.473,8560.618 of 9
This table sets December hunt days against January hunt days. The WMA rows use the daily totals on days with hunters, 2018-19 through 2025-26 without 2023-24, and the blind-type rows use the Boatwright blind-type tables for all nine seasons. November and February days are left out (243 hunters at Ballard, 834 in the Boatwright daily totals and 698 in the blind-type rows). The last column counts the seasons in which January gave up more ducks per hunter than December. The counts come from KDFWR daily tables (MEASURED), and the rates are ours (DERIVED).

IIICounts on Ground

Ballard Beat Boatwright but Its Duck Count Offered Little Guidance

Ballard beat Boatwright on days when each area listed hunters. In the same 7 seasons starting in 2018-19, Ballard averaged 1.15 ducks per hunter from 8,287 hunters and Boatwright 0.78 from 15,611. Both areas listed a turned-away count on 20 or more days in each of 2022-23, 2024-25 and 2025-26. In those three seasons Ballard turned away 129 parties and Boatwright turned away 166.

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WMASeasonsHunt daysHuntersDucksDucks per hunter
Ballard72148,2879,5071.15
Boatwright725615,61112,2110.78
This table gives ducks per hunter on days with hunters reported at both WMAs, from the KDFWR daily tables. Both areas report hunters in the same 7 seasons from 2018-19 on. Counts are MEASURED, and the rates are ours (DERIVED).

Ballard's daily rows also include a ground count of ducks on the area. For each of the 7 seasons in our files from 2018-19 to 2025-26 (2023-24 is missing) we divided Ballard's hunt days into thirds by that season's ground count and pooled those thirds. Days in the lowest third had an average count of 18,100 ducks and averaged 1.16 ducks per hunter. The highest third averaged ground counts of 50,300 and yielded 1.24 ducks per hunter, while the middle third trailed at 0.99. Over 211 Ballard hunt days the ground count and ducks per hunter had a weak correlation of 0.16. Those days use only 47 different counts because KDFWR carries each count forward until the next one.

Figure 2 · Ballard WMA ducks per hunter by ground count groupThe highest-count days gave up 1.24 ducks per hunter, the lowest 1.16 and the middle 0.99
  1. 01Lowest third1.16
  2. 02Middle third0.99
  3. 03Highest third1.24
The rates come from KDFWR daily tables for Ballard WMA. Days are split into thirds by that season's ground duck count and then pooled, our arithmetic (DERIVED).

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Ground count groupHunt daysAverage ground countHuntersDucksDucks per hunter
Lowest third6118,1002,3842,7761.16
Middle third6830,8002,5732,5460.99
Highest third8250,3003,2634,0431.24
This table groups Ballard WMA days by that season's ground duck count (thirds within each season, then pooled), 2018-19 through 2025-26, days with hunters and a count. The count is KDFWR's ground survey and usually repeats for several days in a row. The counts come from KDFWR daily tables (MEASURED), and the groups and rates are ours (DERIVED).

Our Missouri managed-area paper found that the biggest duck estimates there did not line up with the best shooting. At Ballard the largest counts did line up with the best rate, though the margin was small and the middle third trailed both.

IVIndividual Blinds

Castor 2 and Olm 10 Lead Their Areas

KDFWR also publishes hunt data by blind, including the Ballard hunting data for 2024-25 and the Boatwright hunting data for 2024-25. Those tables combine ducks and geese, so the blind rankings compare birds per hunter. A Ballard blind had to have 5 or more seasons and 150 or more hunters in total to rank, while a Boatwright blind needed 4 or more seasons and 150 or more hunters.

Castor 2 topped 25 ranked Ballard blinds with 2.40 birds per hunter over 8 seasons. Butler was next at 1.92 with Castor 1 at 1.69. The average for all Ballard blinds was 1.16.

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BlindSeasonsHuntersBirdsBirds per hunter
Castor 283598622.4
Butler82665121.92
Castor 182754661.69
5592854611.62
LS/wi #153465551.6
6762623991.52
GP293765511.47
7696519521.46
5792751520.55
8293701980.54
738263940.36
Named Ballard WMA blinds are ranked by birds per hunter (ducks and geese together, as KDFWR prints them) for 2017-18 through 2025-26, among blinds with 5 or more seasons and 150 or more hunters. The counts are KDFWR blind-level hunt data (MEASURED), and the rates are ours (DERIVED). The top eight and bottom three are shown.

Olm 10 topped 17 ranked Boatwright blinds with 1.54 birds per hunter over 6 seasons, far ahead of Beaver Dam at 0.96. The average for all Boatwright blinds was 0.71.

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BlindSeasonsHuntersBirdsBirds per hunter
Olm 1062353611.54
Beaver Dam65214980.96
Olm 2065584410.79
Stallings64363350.77
Swan 165073620.71
Swan 465333530.66
4 Corners63041970.65
Olm 1953481970.57
Stephens 66291880.3
Blend 863951150.29
Blend 96266480.18
Named Boatwright WMA blinds are ranked by birds per hunter (ducks and geese together) for 2020-21 through 2025-26, among blinds with 4 or more seasons and 150 or more hunters. Spellings of a few blind names were merged (Stevens and Stephens). The counts are KDFWR blind-level hunt data (MEASURED), and the rates are ours (DERIVED). The top eight and bottom three are shown.

VRecord Gaps

Every Rate Covers a Blind Type in Its Own Water

Boatwright's blind types sit in different water, so these rates show what each type produced rather than what any blind would produce after a move. Ducks per hunter gives a group average and tells little about one party's morning. Draw odds, weather and water levels vary from day to day. These data cannot explain why January shooting was better than December shooting. The ground count comes from a periodic survey, with neighboring days using the same count. Our files do not include the 2023-24 activity report. Two 2022-23 activity files held 622 Boatwright blind rows for the same days as the 2022-23 blind file, and we dropped those rows. The blind-type rows match the daily Boatwright totals within 2 percent in 4 of the 7 seasons with both. For 2018-19 the blind-type rows list 1,893 hunters versus 1,382 in the daily totals, and for 2021-22 they list 1,670 ducks versus 1,983.

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SeasonHunters, blind-type rowsHunters, daily total rowsDucks, blind-type rowsDucks, daily total rows
2016-172,436not printed1,6801,651
2017-181,385not printed975975
2018-191,8931,3821,9941,938
2019-202,3522,3522,3832,380
2020-212,0952,0971,2571,257
2021-221,9252,0211,6701,983
2022-231,8321,7801,1921,256
2024-253,3493,3342,4362,436
2025-262,6632,6451,4121,413
This table sets the summed Boatwright blind-type rows against the Boatwright daily total rows by season. The counts come from KDFWR daily tables (MEASURED), and the sums are ours (DERIVED).

VIPicking a Blind

Favor Boatwright Boat Blinds and January Hunts at Both Areas

Our read is that a boat blind is the pick at Boatwright and a pit is the one to expect the least from. The boat-over-pit advantage held in every recorded season here, and boats outshot walk-ins in 4 of the last 5 seasons. January days have averaged more ducks per hunter than December days at both areas, and Ballard's ground count gives little reason to change plans. Among named blinds, Castor 2 at Ballard and Olm 10 at Boatwright top their areas over six or more seasons.

NOTES AND SOURCES

  1. Source: Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, Ballard and Boatwright WMA waterfowl hunting activity reports (2022-23 shown. one report per season).
  2. Also: KDFWR, Boatwright WMA blind-level hunt data 2024-25.
  3. Also: KDFWR, Ballard WMA blind-level hunt data 2024-25.
  4. Scope: Ballard and Boatwright WMAs, western Kentucky. Daily WMA and blind-type tables for 9 seasons (2016-17 to 2025-26, no 2023-24). Blind-level hunters and birds for Ballard 2017-18 to 2025-26 and Boatwright 2020-21 to 2025-26.
  5. Method: Ducks per hunter = ducks killed divided by hunters, summed over days (DERIVED). Blind-level tables print ducks and geese together, so the blind ranking uses birds per hunter. Ground count thirds are cut within each season, then pooled. The correlation uses one point per hunt day.
  6. Limits: Blind types sit in different water on Boatwright. The tables show what each type produced, not what any blind would produce if moved.
  7. Limits: The ground duck count is a periodic survey that KDFWR repeats on the daily rows until the next count, so neighboring days share a count and are not independent.
  8. Limits: Blind-type rows and the daily Boatwright totals agree within 2 percent in 4 of the 7 seasons that print both. In 2018-19 the blind-type rows hold 1,893 hunters against 1,382 in the daily totals, and in 2021-22 they hold 1,670 ducks against 1,983.
  9. Limits: Blind-level tables give ducks and geese together, so the blind rankings are birds per hunter, not ducks per hunter.
  10. Limits: The 2023-24 activity report is not in our files, so the blind-type series skips that season.
  11. Limits: A higher rate does not mean any one party will shoot more. Draw odds, weather and water levels change from day to day.

Fully Drawn Research is an independent data analysis desk, not affiliated with any state wildlife agency, transportation agency, mapping provider or outfitter. Fully Drawn Research is an independent data and analysis desk. This paper reports FDR's own analysis of public agency and survey data. Harvest, catch and survey figures describe what hunters and anglers reported or what agencies counted or estimated, not how many animals or fish are present, and they reflect regulations and hunter or angler choices as well as wildlife numbers.

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Fully Drawn Research. "At Kentucky's Boatwright WMA, Boat-blind Hunters Averaged Almost Twice the Ducks of Pit Hunters." FDR Working Paper 227, Nov 8, 2026. https://www.fullydrawnresearch.ai/research/papers/kentucky-ballard-boatwright-blinds. Accessed Nov 12, 2026.

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