Illinois deer research / Vermilion County
Vermilion County, Illinois Deer Hunting Research
Central IL region. FDR Deer Herd Index 77.8, ranked #1 of 102 Illinois counties. Built from IDNR public harvest records and the Buck Index.
A - EliteWhat drives the Vermilion County index
The FDR Index combines five measured parts into one 0 to 100 score. Each part is scored 0–100 against all Illinois counties.
Buck Index
89→ out of 100. How this county ranks on the Buck Index against every county we cover. 100 is the top. Land is measured as what a hunter can actually hunt (10 m estimate).
Hunting pressure
Pressure Index 4.8 / 10 (Middle). About 5.4 deer hunters per square mile of huntable land: 48th percentile of 3,051 rated counties in 48 states, 67th percentile within Illinois. How often deer run into people, 0 to 10 on one scale across every rated state; 10 is the most crowded county in the country.
Modeled. Illinois does not publish hunter numbers by county, so FDR places this county within Illinois from deer harvest per huntable acre (2020 to 2024 seasons) and population density. The model was checked against agency hunter counts in Michigan, Indiana and Missouri, and against agency hunter surveys by hunting unit in 10 more states. It estimates crowding; it is not a hunter count. Illinois averages 5.2 deer hunters per square mile of huntable land (state wildlife agency count, 2023-24 season).
2005–2024 harvest trend
| Season | Archery | Firearm | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1,079 | 712 | 1,791 |
| 2023 | 1,121 | 701 | 1,822 |
| 2022 | 1,155 | 633 | 1,788 |
| 2021 | 1,073 | 656 | 1,729 |
| 2020 | 1,176 | 611 | 1,787 |
| 2019 | 945 | 569 | 1,514 |
| 2018 | 886 | 537 | 1,423 |
| 2017 | 788 | 659 | 1,447 |
| 2016 | 745 | 750 | 1,495 |
| 2015 | 821 | 824 | 1,645 |
| 2014 | 784 | 734 | 1,518 |
| 2013 | 922 | 738 | 1,660 |
| 2012 | 931 | 1,247 | 2,178 |
| 2011 | 1,061 | 1,258 | 2,319 |
| 2010 | 1,065 | 1,198 | 2,263 |
| 2009 | 1,160 | 1,193 | 2,353 |
| 2008 | 1,060 | 1,163 | 2,223 |
| 2007 | 1,080 | 1,172 | 2,252 |
| 2006 | 944 | 1,066 | 2,010 |
| 2005 | 1,024 | 1,055 | 2,079 |
Totals are IDNR's all-season county harvest; firearm includes the youth, muzzleloader and late-winter seasons. Source: Hunt Illinois county deer harvest. Buck density: Vermilion County averages 3.08 adult bucks harvested per 1,000 huntable acres (2005-2024).
See full Vermilion County harvest charts →
Harvest by sex
IDNR records each harvested deer by sex. In 2024, Vermilion County ran 985 bucks (males) and 806 does (females): 55% bucks.
| Season | Bucks (M) | Does (F) | Total | % bucks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 985 | 806 | 1,791 | 55% |
| 2023 | 1,070 | 752 | 1,822 | 58.7% |
| 2022 | 1,003 | 785 | 1,788 | 56.1% |
| 2021 | 1,015 | 714 | 1,729 | 58.7% |
| 2020 | 997 | 790 | 1,787 | 55.8% |
| 2019 | 850 | 664 | 1,514 | 56.1% |
| 2018 | 836 | 587 | 1,423 | 58.7% |
| 2017 | 806 | 641 | 1,447 | 55.7% |
| 2016 | 852 | 643 | 1,495 | 57% |
| 2015 | 850 | 795 | 1,645 | 51.7% |
| 2014 | 798 | 720 | 1,518 | 52.6% |
| 2013 | 840 | 820 | 1,660 | 50.6% |
| 2012 | 1,044 | 1,134 | 2,178 | 47.9% |
| 2011 | 1,117 | 1,202 | 2,319 | 48.2% |
| 2010 | 1,136 | 1,127 | 2,263 | 50.2% |
| 2009 | 1,151 | 1,202 | 2,353 | 48.9% |
| 2008 | 1,181 | 1,042 | 2,223 | 53.1% |
| 2007 | 1,233 | 1,019 | 2,252 | 54.8% |
| 2006 | 1,105 | 905 | 2,010 | 55% |
| 2005 | 1,163 | 916 | 2,079 | 55.9% |
See full Vermilion County sex-composition chart →
Age structure
IDNR classifies each deer as adult, yearling (1.5-yr), or fawn. In 2024, Vermilion County ran 74.1% adult, 15.7% yearling, and 10.2% fawn. A higher adult share points to a more mature age structure.
| Season | Adult | Yearling | Fawn | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1,328 | 281 | 182 | 1,791 |
| 2023 | 1,279 | 328 | 215 | 1,822 |
| 2022 | 1,220 | 295 | 273 | 1,788 |
| 2021 | 1,273 | 250 | 206 | 1,729 |
| 2020 | 1,276 | 278 | 233 | 1,787 |
| 2019 | 1,038 | 257 | 219 | 1,514 |
| 2018 | 969 | 250 | 204 | 1,423 |
| 2017 | 1,010 | 238 | 199 | 1,447 |
| 2016 | 982 | 255 | 258 | 1,495 |
| 2015 | 1,071 | 281 | 293 | 1,645 |
| 2014 | 1,034 | 250 | 234 | 1,518 |
| 2013 | 1,045 | 271 | 344 | 1,660 |
| 2012 | 1,402 | 323 | 453 | 2,178 |
| 2011 | 1,487 | 325 | 507 | 2,319 |
| 2010 | 1,503 | 319 | 441 | 2,263 |
| 2009 | 1,521 | 326 | 506 | 2,353 |
| 2008 | 1,460 | 333 | 430 | 2,223 |
| 2007 | 1,434 | 352 | 466 | 2,252 |
| 2006 | 1,264 | 342 | 404 | 2,010 |
| 2005 | 1,352 | 367 | 359 | 2,078 |
Age class is IDNR's field classification at check-in, not a lab-aged tooth-wear cohort; treat it as a directional maturity signal.
See full Vermilion County composition charts →
Seasons & access
| Season | Method | Dates | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|
| Archery · Oct 1 to mid-Jan | archery | 2026-10-01 → 2027-01-17 | otc |
| Firearm · 1st + 2nd Shotgun Season | firearm | 2026-11-20 → 2026-12-06 | otc |
| Muzzleloader · December | muzzleloader | 2026-12-11 → 2026-12-13 | otc |
Bow-huntable land, public and private: 169,294 acres (10 m estimate). Verify current season dates, permits, and site-specific rules with IDNR before hunting.
Where to hunt public in Vermilion County
Full list on the Illinois public hunting land directory.
See Vermilion County on the map
Parcels with owner & acreage, public hunting land with regs, access points, leaf-off imagery, and this research, together on one hunting map.
Nearby counties
Frequently asked questions
Is Vermilion County, Illinois good for deer hunting?
Vermilion County scores 77.8 of 100 on the FDR Deer Herd Index (A - Elite), ranked #1 of 102 Illinois counties. The index is built from IDNR public harvest records, habitat, herd quality, momentum, and the Buck Index.
What is the Buck Index for Vermilion County?
Vermilion County has a Buck Index of 89 out of 100. How this county ranks on the Buck Index against every county we cover. 100 is the top. Land is measured as what a hunter can actually hunt (10 m estimate).
Is there public hunting land in Vermilion County, Illinois?
Yes: the Illinois public hunting land directory lists 7 sites in Vermilion County, including Kickapoo State Recreation Area, Middle Fork State Fish and Wildlife Area, Harry "Babe" Woodyard State Natural Area. Always verify current site regulations and permit requirements before hunting.
How many deer were harvested in Vermilion County last season?
IDNR records show 1,791 deer harvested in Vermilion County in 2024, the most recent reported season.
Cite this
Fully Drawn Research. "Vermilion County, Illinois deer hunting research." County page. https://www.fullydrawnresearch.ai/research/il/vermilion. Accessed Nov 1, 2026.
Data and charts from this page are free to use with attribution. See the Content Lab.